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When fully bound, GltPh-R397A crystallizes in the outward-facing state, like wild type GltPh, except that L-asp coordination is slightly altered because the mutant is missing the key coordinating side chain of Arg397.
This zinc-binding site is unusual because of the long spacing between the first and the last residue coordinating the zinc atoms (76 residues) as well as the spacing between the individual coordinating side chains C-X36-H-X37-C-X-C C-X36-H-X37-C-X-C C-X36-H-X37-C-X-C C-X36-H-X37-C-X-C C-X36-H-X37-C-X-C C-X36-H-X37-C-X-C C-X36-H-X37-C-X-C
The coordinating side chain was changed from histidine 68 in LHCII to asparagine 109 in Lhca3.
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L-asp and residues coordinating the side chain carboxylate are shown as sticks with carbon atoms colored light brown and blue, respectively.
The command center team at Pier 94 will be watching over all that, as well as helping coordinate some side shows, including the movements of three New York Fire Department tugs, which will be spouting arching lines of red, white and blue water.
The new approach can overcome the difficulty of coordinating the long side and the short side when it comes to rectangular aperture faced by the traditional ways.
Molecular dynamics simulations show that the zinc ion remains stably bound in this region, coordinating the carboxylate side chains of both aspartate residues.
The coordination of Asn341 is a key event in OTULIN activation, as was confirmed when the only OTULIN residue coordinating the Asn341 side chain, Tyr91, was mutated to Phe, resulting in 20-fold reduction of k cat while not affecting K M. Strong effects of Glu16 mutation were also observed in the OTULIN D336A mutant.
In both cases, the metal ion is coordinated by side-chain nitrogen and oxygen atoms of four tetrahedrally arranged residues: His, His, Glu and Asp.
Of the six prolines present in hAFP, only Pro93 is in the cis conformation and located in the ice-binding loop between two Ca2+-coordinating side chains and it may play a crucial role for the stability of the coordination sphere.
To gain insight into this apparent distinction, we examined more closely the available structures of the six MBLs in Table 5. Limiting ourselves to doubly zinc-loaded enzymes, and accepting that there are no such structures of Bla2, the 27 available structures (including the present one) of the other 5 MBLs show minimal variability in the position and orientation of metal-coordinating side chains.
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