Appropriate cell/cell signaling requires both coordinated activation and inactivation of cell surface signaling receptors.
Overall, these data demonstrate that the coordinated spatiotemporal activation and inactivation of vinculin is essential for Rac1-mediated polarized cell migration.
In other systems, BIRC5 regulation of clonal expansion has been demonstrated to be downstream of PI3K and Akt signaling [37] and CDCA8 and BIRC5 undergo co-coordinated transcriptional repression in response to inactivation of CDK4 [38].
In conditions of nutrient availability, mTOR inhibits autophagy through phosphorylation and inactivation of key downstream targets, un-coordinated 51 (UNC-51 -like UNC-51 -like1), ATG13 and focal adhesion kinase family interacting protein of 200 kD (FIP200), which form part of a complex that initiates aUNC-51 -like
Results from our previous studies indicated that inactivation of GSK3 activity regulated axon regeneration in a coordinated way at the growth cone to control microtubule dynamics and in the neuronal soma to control gene expression.
Thus, inactivation of TORC2-Ypk1 signaling upon hyperosmotic shock has at least two coordinated consequences that work synergistically to cause glycerol accumulation and promote cell survival, a similar outcome but mechanistically distinct from the processes evoked by Hog1 activation.
It is thus possible, that the inactivation of MAGEA1 and MAGEA4, which are generally expressed in coordination with other CT-X genes such as MAGEA2 and MAGEA3 for which there is evidence for oncogenic function, might enhance the overall tumorigenicity of coordinated CT-X expression leading to a net positive contribution to tumor progression.
In our studies of the development of the lens we were able to identify MAPK/JNK as a crucial upstream signaling regulator of MTOR/MTORC1 signaling, the inactivation of MAPK/JNK leading to suppression of MTORC1 signaling, releasing the autophagy signal to execute the coordinated loss of nuclei and organelles that are one of the hallmarks of lens development (Fig. 10).
The inactivation of a virus is as much a culinary exercise as a chemical one.
This is a chromosomal artefact caused by the inactivation of the second X chromosome in a cell; as it is relatively easy to visualise it is sometimes used as a rough and ready indicator of 'femaleness' in mammals.
