Mr. de Blasio is proposing to try to do both, through a new entity, a Brooklyn Health Authority, run jointly by the city and state, with the power to modernize hospital systems boroughwide, coordinate the spending of health care dollars and set higher standards of care.
It also prohibits candidates from coordinating the spending of soft money by an independent political group.
Super Pacs are not allowed to coordinate their spending with campaigns.
Federal laws allow political action committees to support candidates independently, but they are not permitted to coordinate their spending with campaigns.
At issue in the case, which began in 1986, is a provision of federal law that allows parties to coordinate some spending with candidates, but puts limits on that spending.
Super PACs were made possible by the Supreme Court's Citizens United decision in 2010, which allowed unlimited spending by corporations, unions and individuals through these organizations, as long as the groups do not coordinate their spending with the candidates.
Another central objective for the NATO secretary general is to persuade European allies to coordinate defense spending and cooperate on procurement to try to ensure that military capabilities improve, despite the expenditure cuts being pushed through by many national governments.
The center runs an incubator program for start-ups, a technology transfer program to encourage research cooperation between the academic and business worlds and a cluster development program that connects up resources to coordinate research spending.
The outside groups raising funds to beat Mr. Obama cannot coordinate their spending with Mr. Romney, but the gossamer-thin federal rules allow them to piggyback on major Romney donor conferences and fund-raisers by sending representatives to mingle with big givers or plan their own events nearby.
Selective private sharing could also be useful for spouses or partners who are pooling their finances, or need a way to coordinate their spending.
