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James Farrer (2008) noticed a new cooperative pattern of international marriages between Western men and Chinese women in Shanghai.
The cooperative pattern strongly resembles human conversation, the authors say, and it doesn't occur in our closer primate relatives, such as chimpanzees.
In transport terminology, the cooperative pattern is also referred to as "SO: System Optimal (or System Equilibrium)" versus the non-cooperative, referred to as "UE," which are both the result of solving traffic assignment problems (TAP) [17, 18].
Yet, whether such cooperative pattern could be applied or whether alternative microbial interaction exists within microbiota of engineered biosystems requires further investigation.
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To obtain a better understanding of the regulatory and cooperative patterns of epigenomic and genomic elements in CD4+ T cells, we downloaded and analyzed various datasets.
The interactions among chromatin modifications and genomic elements characterized by a closeness measure help elucidate cooperative patterns of chromatin modification in transcriptional regulation and help decipher complex histone codes.
To test whether cooperative patterning applies to other biological systems, we examined redox-coupling in a two-species methane-producing biofilm consisting of the bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris and the archaeon Methanococcus maripaludis.
Although in most of these studies sample sizes are still too small for the results to be conclusive, the strong mutual exclusivity and cooperative patterns observed in, for example, a sequencing study of 188 lung tumours [ 12] suggest that similar mutational patterns will be seen in breast cancer.
It has also been shown that if a number of selfish cars were to collaborate, it may still result in a traffic pattern much superior to the selfish, non-cooperative pattern [78, 79, 80].
It has been shown both theoretically and empirically that the cooperative traffic pattern is more desirable than the non-cooperative traffic pattern, possibly by a factor of 2 [77] 77].
There exist two types of cooperative communication pattern: amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) [2].
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