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in the case of an antitrust leniency applicant, using its best efforts to secure and facilitate from cooperating individuals covered by the agreement the cooperation described in clauses (i) and (ii) and subparagraph (A).
In this version of the Public Good Game (PGG) a successful cooperative effort is achieved only if the number of cooperating individuals reaches a given threshold, just like in the above described situations.
In this case, the complex phenotype cannot become dominant as an emergent property among cooperating individuals.
Prosecutors said sensitive evidence also could reveal government investigative techniques and identify cooperating individuals and companies.
Honey bee, Apis spp., colonies can be regarded as superorganisms, in which cooperating individuals in overlapping generations support functions comparable to those of cells in a multicellular organism1.
In this case, even before the m-hit mutant arises, the complex phenotype arises as an emerging property among cooperating individuals.
Similar(38)
The court shall consider, in making the determination concerning satisfactory cooperation described in subsection (b), the timeliness of the applicant's or cooperating individual's cooperation with the claimant.
"Very frequently", someone arrested at Homan Square will not be subsequently charged with a crime, said Kilroy, the senior narcotics officer, adding: "They convert into a cooperating individual".
It is now further appreciated that, for reciprocity to evolve, the reciprocation must benefit the cooperating individual, not merely its species.
If both cooperate they receive a higher payoff (Reward, R) than if they both defect (Punishment, P), but if one defects when the other cooperates, the defector receives the highest payoff (Temptation, T) whereas the cooperating individual receives the lowest (Sucker, S).
Because the number of individuals who can be reached within three degrees of a cooperating individual will in general depend on the non-local structure of the network [18], the presence of social contagion would imply that network features other than local clustering should also impact aggregate cooperation levels.
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