Exact(4)
As EVI1 overexpression alone is not sufficient to induce leukemia, loss of a 7q tumour suppressor gene might be a required cooperating event.
Further, Ellwood-Yen et al suggested that Nkx3.1 loss was a distinct event from the onset of MYC expression such that its loss together with MYC overexpression may be a critical cooperating event in mouse PIN to adenocarcinoma transition [1].
Whether another cooperating event is required in order to allow the accumulation of MYC protein or not, it is still evident from our results that the accumulation of MYC protein alone, once it occurs, is sufficient to directly transform prostate epithelial luminal cells into PIN cells.
Despite the mutation load, we were able to quantify the multi-hit model of these engineered cancers and highlight a potential new cooperating event with BRAF and p53 mutation through the protein kinase A-cyclic AMP pathway.
Similar(56)
As a result, mechanistic insights are now possible into how K-Ras contributes to pancreatic ductal carcinogenesis, what cooperating events are required, and armed with this knowledge, new therapeutic approaches can be pursued and tested.
This suggests a need for additional cooperating events in order to achieve overt leukemogenesis [ 2].
However some of the genetic abnormalities cluster together which may suggest cooperating events.
Failure to induce timely differentiation might result in a prolonged proliferation phase favoring the accumulation of additional cooperating events.
This finding highlights the integrated role of TMPRSS2-ERG gain and NKX3.1 losses as cooperating events in prostate tumorigenesis.
The RCAS/tv-a model provides a valuable tool in which to study cooperating events such as these and others.
The evidence for multiple cooperating events in the pathogenesis of the rheumatic ADs resembling those observed in multistep carcinogenesis has been noted [ 43].
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