Erro, E. et al. Bioengineering the liver: scale-up and cool chain delivery of the liver cell biomass for clinical targeting in a bioartificial liver support system.
Back in 2005, the Malmaison boutique hotel company re-opened Oxford prison as a 95-room addition to its cool chain, promoting "Nights in the nick" from £95.
Exporters need to ensure that the destination airports they are shipping to have similar facilities and only work with air cargo carriers that can provide a consistent end-to-end cool chain for their produce.
The cooling chain from the room temperature to the ADR heat-sink is composed of superfluid liquid He, a Joule Thomson cryocooler, and double-stage Stirling cryocoolers.
But keeping the "cool chain" intact in hot poor countries is much harder.Take, for example, the vaccines dispensed at a camp for flood victims near Caia, a hamlet in central Mozambique.
Carriage factors include the method of stowage in the container or ship's hold, the interpretation and application of shipper's carriage instructions, the maintenance or otherwise of the cool chain, and the duration of the voyage.
Because of the multiple links in the "cool chain", transport of fresh produce is more complicated than storage, and occasionally cargoes arrive in poor condition, leading to claims against the carrier.
Thus, insulin requires an uninterrupted cooling chain.
The product plugs the gap in what health programmes call the "cool chain".
For a food supplier (Fig. 1), (An & Noh, 2009) cold technologies are critical to cool chain operations and (Byran & Brian, 1999) the procurement of cold facilities is critical for service to LSCs.
