In colonial times, the British would shift their garrison headquarters from Rawalpindi to the cool peaks of Murree, just north of present day Islamabad.
The presence of an EC window mostly influences the cooling peak load and acts as an alternative solution to thermal mass from the perspective of peak reductions.
The 5R1C model was, however, unable to follow the thermal response of the buildings during the cooling season, which in turn implied a systematic underestimation of the cooling peak load.
The UHI in Beijing led to an approximately 11% increase in cooling load and 16% decrease in heating load in the urban area compared with the rural area, whereas the urban heating peak load decreased 9% and the cooling peak load increased 7% because of the UHI effect.
A corresponding numerical model is developed showing that optimizing the solar heat flux absorption rate of the absorbing layer in regard of the necessary heating, cooling and lighting needs helps reducing significantly the total yearly energy consumption, and cooling peak loads.
As reported in the scientific literature and mentioned in building energy performance legislation, the thermal inertia of the opaque building envelope can have a significant positive impact on the reduction of summer indoor overheating, of space cooling peak load and of electricity consumption.
Perhaps strangest of all, its density rises as it cools, peaks at 4°C and then decreases, instead of decreasing steadily with falling temperatures like most other liquids.
As it is shown in Fig.7, air conditioners in five ACL groups are pre-opened to keep the house cool before peak load demand periods and shut down during peak load periods.
Using desiccant dehumidification with evaporative cooling of supply air is not enough to support the cooling in peak summer days due to its limited capacity in air dehumidification for further indirect evaporative cooling.
The system has been designed to supply the cooling load of a typical house where the cooling load peak is about 17.5 kW (5 tons of refrigeration), which occurs in July.
