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Individuals recruited at these three Colon CFR centers completed a quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that included a meat cooking module, and therefore had suitable information for this study.
In addition, this FFQ contains a meat/fish cooking module which includes questions on frequency of intake of eight meat items (beefsteak, hamburger, chicken, spam or ham, bacon, sausage, short ribs or spareribs, and fish), cooked by either of three different methods (pan-fried, oven-broiled, and grilled or BBQ), and with three levels of doneness (light, medium, dark).
In addition to the risk factor core questionnaire, the Hawaii, Ontario, and USC registry centers also administered a detailed quantitative FFQ developed at the University of Hawaii Cancer Center UHCCC) 34, which included a meat/fish cooking module specifically developed to address the role of meat carcinogens.
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The interviewer-administered DHQ with meat-cooking module (Cantwell et al, 2004; Sinha et al, 2005a) was a strength of our study.
We investigated intake of meat and meat-related mutagens in relation to RCC in a large, population-based case control study of US men and women who completed a Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ) with a meat-cooking module.
Correlation coefficients between the DHQ with meat-cooking module and multiple food diaries ranged from 0.31 to 0.46 for chicken, red, and grilled meat intake; and ranged from 0.36 to 0.60 for meat-mutagen intake (Cantwell et al, 2004).
The meat portion of the DHQ included a meat-cooking module (Cantwell et al, 2004; Sinha et al, 2005a) with corresponding queries for cooking method (grilled or barbecued, baked or roasted, oven-broiled, breaded and fried, pan-fried without breading, boiled or stewed, microwaved, brown n' serve, other, don't know).
In this large, population-based case control study with a detailed diet history and meat-cooking module with photographic aids, we found that estimated intake of BaP from meat, a carcinogen found in the smoke formed during high-temperature cooking such as barbecuing, was associated with a 50% increased risk of RCC in cases compared with controls.
In addition to SmartEyeglass, Sony is cooking up a clip-on attachment that adds a smart display module to a user's existing eyewear — called SmartEyeglass Attach.
The caretakers of the schoolchildren were asked to fill the household module and to provide a handful (~20 g) of cooking salt.
Romney: cooking.
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