This example is provided to indicate how complex and convoluted the interactions of PAR signalling can be and to alert the reader to the very rapid events that can accompany PAR signalling so as to affect multiple effector pathways simultaneously, even at the level of ion channel regulation.
For Au-phage networks, the interactions are convoluted by the adsorbed citrate layer on the particle surface, which is oriented with the six carboxylic oxygen atoms aligned with gold atoms of a 111 surface [19].
Similar to the biologic concept of epistasis, understanding which risk factors are most relevant to disease and their interactions is exceedingly convoluted within one level, let alone across multiple levels.
The AIC-best model (i.e., the model with the lowest Akaike's Information Criterion value) included all terms and first-order interactions, making interpretation very convoluted.
The interactions of host genetics, diet and the gut microbiota are thus convoluted and multi-faceted.
Fully differentiated spermatozoa left from testis acquire their motility and capacity for fertilization via interactions with the epididymal epithelium duct lumen during passage through this convoluted duct.
Establishing an interaction between a pair of molecules involves mutual structural rearrangements guided by a highly convoluted energy landscape, the accurate mapping of which continues to elude us.
The nomenclature is convoluted.
