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Samples were withdrawn, and enantiomer excess and conversion of substrate were determined by chiral GC analysis.
Enzymes find their applications in various industries, due to their error free conversion of substrate into product.
Increasing free-energy conservation from the conversion of substrate into product is crucial for further development of many biotechnological processes.
However, some drawbacks like, less product yield due to low mass and heat transfer, inefficient conversion of substrate, uneven mixing and shear stress on biocatalysts have been observed.
Moreover, fermentations with 2.5 g/L glucose reached excellent values for YP/X, YP/S and specific production rate qSurfactin emphasizing an outstanding conversion of substrate into product.
Evidence for direct conversion of substrate to methane was observed with two of the industrial wastewater samples (IW-1 and IW-3).
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It was shown that bioreactor diameter strongly influences the degree of conversion of substrates.
How are reactivity, regio-chemistry and stereo-chemistry steered during the multi-step conversion of substrates into products?
Excellent results in terms of both conversion of substrates and yields of sulfones were also obtained during oxidation of MF and ADF.
A key characteristic of these highly efficient enzyme pathways is the cooperative and spatial organization of enzymes to ensure the sequential conversion of substrates (Fontes and Gilbert 2010; Park et al. 2014).
Wherever possible, these values were adapted from reported data on the fractional conversion of substrates containing the linkages [37], [38].
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