The biotechnologically produced materials and construction-related microbial biotechnologies have a lot of advantages over conventional construction materials and processes.
Hence 3D fabric reinforced concrete structures are much better in strength and ductility as compared to conventional construction materials.
It is, therefore, important to assess the life-cycle costs of replacing conventional construction materials with advanced composites.
However, unlike conventional construction materials which have well documented creep behavior, there is virtually no reliable data on the creep behavior of FRP, particularly in compressive loading.
However, the structural behavior of PSB is not nearly as well understood as conventional construction materials, which results in difficulties to predict the performances of PSB structural members.
Recent extensive research demonstrates that GNS also have the ability to transform conventional construction materials into smarter, stronger and more durable advanced composites.
Alkali-activated concretes are a novel invention for substituting conventional construction materials; their main variation from conventional Portland cement concretes is utilizing comparatively alkali-rich, clinker-free binder matrix namely alkali-activated slag or geopolymer.
When conventional construction materials such as steel, wood, and concrete are integrated into global supply chains and modern manufacturing practices, it is often at the peril of both the local and global environment.
In view of the mounting cost of rehabilitating deteriorating infrastructure, further compounded by intensified environmental concerns, it is now obvious that the evolvement and application of advanced composite structural materials to complement conventional construction materials is a necessity for sustainable construction.
To this end, soilcretes are non-conventional construction materials produced by mixing natural soil such as natural clay or limestone sand with a hydraulic binder and are recently under detailed and in-depth investigation by many researchers.
