That patients aged 62 years or younger and those in their eighties are less likely to receive TJA is confirmed by the only study that controlled for willingness to undergo surgery (and, implicitly by its taking place in a public health system, for economic access), which also found no apparent variation in the incidence of TKA or THA among those in the age range from 63 to 81[2626].
Studies controlling for patients' willingness found that age inequities remained, suggesting that once patients see a general practitioner or orthopaedic surgeon further barriers exist.
We use an existing survey, developed to ascertain willingness to pay for private health-risk reduction programs, to demonstrate a strategy to control and correct for scenario adjustment in the estimation of willingness to pay.
In Model IV, with all other factors controlled for, caregivers' willingness had the greatest impact on unmet needs.
A coding scheme was used that consisted of 3 categories representing the key components of acceptance, that is, disengagement from pain control, pain willingness, and engagement in activities other than pain control.
It involves self-control and willingness to acknowledge one's own role in defeat.
Each of those regimes combined ruthless internal control, a willingness to engage in external aggression, and fervent adherence to an extreme ideology.
Soon after the debate began last Wednesday at 8 p.m., we confronted one variable that was completely out of our control: the willingness of the candidates to challenge one another, or not.
Perceived behavioral control and willingness were consistently the strongest predictors of drowsy driving intention in the augmented model, which together with the control (personal) variables explained up to 70percentt of the variance in intention.
Those students who reported more favorable attitudes and subjective norm and greater perceived control and willingness in relation to drowsy driving behavior were more likely to report stronger intentions to engage in drowsy driving behavior.
