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18 Limitations of prospective studies include a difficulty in controlling for bias and a loss to follow-up.
This generates a random distribution of duplicate genes controlling for bias in the position of genes on each chromosome and the incomplete genome sequences of some strains.
After controlling for bias due to non-response, a history of alcohol or substance abuse was no longer associated with mental health status.
A history of alcohol or substance abuse was no longer significantly associated with mental health status after controlling for bias due to non-response.
Of the 2,186 patients who received IPPV, 177 received tracheostomy (the majority surgical rather than percutaneous technique) and, after controlling for bias and confounding variables, tracheostomies were not associated with improved ICU survival.
A difficulty with many empirical studies looking at the health effect of energy efficiency interventions is that the study designs and methods have not been sufficiently robust in their design or controlling for bias so as to draw strong conclusions.
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This article first describes bias problems that arise in analyses of nonexperimental data and then explains strategies for controlling for biases arising from parental selection of child care.
Finally, we examined which of the two groups (participants vs. nonparticipants) has higher output after controlling for biases from observed and unobserved variables.
We demonstrate that estimates of effectiveness can be substantially improved by controlling for biases along dimensions that are observable, measuring spatial spillovers, and testing the sensitivity of estimates to potential hidden biases.
Randomized controlled trial (RCT) designs are standardized to control for bias and allow for replication.
The years of education, smoking habits, and hyperglycemia were considered at recruitment to control for bias between sedentary and trained groups.
More suggestions(16)
controlling for alignment
controlling for trend
correcting for bias
controlling for variance
controlling for error
monitor for bias
controls for bias
test for bias
controlling for partial
controlled for bias
controlling for age
controlling for background
controlling for recruitment
controlling for rank
controlling for student
controlling for ethnicity
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com