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Identifiability is mathematically proven if the plant output sampling rate is non-integer multiples of the controller sampling rate.
Selected performance indexes are gear shift timing and position tracking error and it results that they are mostly affected by two key parameters: oil pipeline length and controller sampling time.
Using the concept of dissipative systems, the effects of different local controller sampling rates and information exchange rates on the stability and performance of the entire plant are represented by a set of dissipativity conditions.
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The proposed controller samples the plant outputs at a rate faster than the rate used for updating the control inputs; it is a multirate output controller or MROC.
For HIV controller samples, quadruplicate tests were conducted by PCR in order to get numerical data values for very low levels.
Lastly, even if HIV controllers had similar levels of Tregs to HIV-uninfected individuals as has been suggested in another recent report using HIV controller samples from the same cohort [77], they would still have unusually low Treg frequencies relative to the expansion of activated T cells observed.
The final control law consists of closed form expressions which involve also the controller's sampling time Ts.
Further investigation regarding the choice of the controller's sampling time Ts is also presented and useful conclusions for control engineers are derived.
To avoid spurious mixing, the controller's sampling is made synchronous to the self-resonance oscillations.
Three types of controllers are designed: a continuous-time controller, a sample and hold controller (synchronized with the sampling of the measurement), and an unsynchronized sampled and hold controller.
We refer to this situation as controller-driven sampling.
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