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Significant findings identified in the univariate analyses were included in a multivariate logistic regression to control for significant confounders.
The latter should aim for proper assessment of exposures and outcomes, control for significant confounders and minimise selection biases.
However, the control for significant confounders via selection of the control group or by adjustment could not be assessed for effectiveness.
The probable mechanisms for causation are not clear (lack of biological plausibility); many studies are based on cross-sectional data (lack of temporal order), and the observed association could be explained by selection to early onset of drinking and failure to control for significant confounders (e.g. behavioural undercontrol) 54 and retrospective bias in report of age at first drink 55.
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Research examining the predictors of discharge to various health care settings and of death exclusively among older adults that controls for significant confounders such as age, however, is needed.
Attempts were made to control, by design or statistical analysis, for significant confounders.
The observational studies suffered from risk of biases related to sampling methods and inadequate control for significant potential confounders.
None of the trials that have examined therapeutic glycemic targets to prevent macrosomia have controlled for these significant confounders.
By controlling for potentially significant confounders on the main outcome, particularly pharmacological management and co-morbidity, we encountered recruitment problems.
Stratified analysis of the control and CKD groups were performed to evaluate for potential significant confounders of SWE values.
Also, without regression analyses, we were unable to control for potential confounders of the significant relationships identified through chi-square tests, such as caregiver knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about the specific referral or referral site.
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