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Only a few previous studies have examined associations between lifestyle factors and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, of which most were limited by the cross-sectional study design and lack of control for possible confounders.
Stratified analysis (the Mantel-Haenszel technique) was used to control for possible confounders such as low birth weight, pathologic presentations, failed induction, nonprogressive labor, and nonreassuring fetal heart rate tracings.
We then constructed four multiple regression models to control for possible confounders.
We used a multivariate logistic regression model to control for possible confounders.
Thus, our analyses are limited as we could not control for possible confounders of screening participation.
To control for possible confounders, logistic models were performed in a second step.
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A general linear model was used to compare outcome scores between the two groups while controlling for possible confounders.
To determine the relationship between some characteristics (cost, intensity, quality) of prescriptions issued by general practitioners in a health district and their patient loads, controlling for possible confounders.
Estimated additional costs associated with liberal trigger use, defined as a transfusion occurring in patients with a whole hospital stay nadir Hb of 8-10 g/dL, ranged from $202,675 to $700,151 annually.Transfusion using a liberal trigger is associated with increased morbidity, even after controlling for possible confounders.
Factors with a p-value <0.1 were put in a multiple Poisson regression model in order to estimate the same associations after controlling for possible confounders.
Although we controlled for possible confounders such as WHO stage, age, CD4, TLC and home place, men had higher risk of death, as also reported from four African countries [23] and cohort studies in Europe and North America [26]], but not from Spain[27].
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control for unobserved confounders
control for environmental confounders
control for genetic confounders
control for important confounders
control for unknown confounders
control for probable confounders
control for hidden confounders
control for major confounders
control for significant confounders
control for observable confounders
control for multiple confounders
control for unmeasured confounders
control for possible confounds
control for possible biases
control for possible effects
control for possible covariates
control for possible changes
control for possible differences
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