Although the Rumchev et al. (2002) study concluded that children exposed to formaldehyde levels of >60 μg/m (49 ppb) were at increased risk of having asthma, it does not rule out the potential contributory role of other exposures, particularly those reported in a later follow-up study by the same authors.
The etiological fraction (EF) is defined as the fraction of exposed individuals with the disease for which the exposure was a contributory cause of the disease [[ 2]; chap.
Collectively, the present findings raise the possibility that ATR exposure could be a contributory risk factor for such disorders.
Immunomodulation due to exposure to OC pesticides may be a contributory mechanism.
The learning that resulted from exposure to the course is likely a contributory factor to the improvement of outcomes.
The results of this gene expression study indicate that the expression of inflammatory molecules may be increased in human subjects after prolonged exposure to arsenic, which might be a contributory factor to the high risk of atherosclerosis in arseniasis-endemic areas in Taiwan.
Patient with ESRD have many contributory factors to systemic inflammation, including uremic toxin buildup, dialysate microcontamination, exposure to indwelling catheters and synthetic grafts, and high prevalence of comorbid diabetes and atherosclerotic disease [ 25].
However, Sedrani and colleagues reported that, although veils could minimize exposure to sun irradiation, this was not a major contributory factor for vitamin D deficiency as a whole, in Saudi female students [ 35].
Simultaneous exposure of people to heavy metals and nephrotoxic pesticides may be a contributory factor in the pathogenesis and progression of CKDu.
Various factors may be contributory, levels of unesterified cytosolic AA are tightly controlled by two distinct, coordinated pathways, for exposure to low or high AA concentrations (Monjazeb et al, 2006).
