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AJC – 5% contribution to paper including participant recruitment and report writing.
KC – 12% contribution to paper including study design, clinical content development, data analysis and report writing.
DA – 10% contribution to paper including study design and report writing.
BK – 10% contribution to paper including study design and report writing.
MM – 10% contribution to paper including study design and report writing.
ACW – 25% contribution to paper including study design, clinical content development, data analysis and report writing.
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German contributions to paper folding continued with Rudolf Steiner's first Waldorf school (1919), in Stuttgart, Germany, which emphasized assorted hands-on activities including origami, and with the Bauhaus school of design (1919 33).
Journal editors are always keen to ask authors to disclose individual contributions to papers and potential conflicts of interest.
1 14 15 However, the exact prevalence of ghostwriting and other forms of undisclosed contributions to papers published in medical journals is unknown.
This creates a difficult challenge: It is easy to recognize traditional publication bias (paper in journal = no contribution to bias; paper in file cabinet = contribution to bias).
News UK's human resources director, Derrick Crowley, said Dudman had made an "enormous contribution" to the paper.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com