For the same pressure and fuel concentration, the contribution of flame propagation to the overall combustion was found to depend on the level of thermal stratification, with higher initial temperature gradients resulting in more deflagration and lower gradients generating more ignition fronts.
In fact, in the maximum intrinsic attenuation of an attenuated wave, the contributions of homogeneous propagation (i.e. γ = δ = 0) and evanescent propagation (i.e. γ = π/2) are defined by the ratios β/υ and δ/υ, respectively.
The typical WCDMA receiver can combine the signal contribution of a single propagation path using the Rake receiver.
This implies that even for a highly attenuating inhomogeneous wave (i.e., Q-1 ≤ 0.1) the contribution of its homogeneous propagation to the total attenuation (κ < 1) may be less than five percent.
The apparent slower chain cleavage of PET is attributed to the contribution of productive chain propagation reactions due to unstable vinyl endgroups which alters the equilibrium stoichiometry compared to the relatively stable endgroups of PTT and PBT.
The admissible hidden data x ℓ (f) for estimating θ ℓ is naturally defined as the contribution of the ℓth propagation path and the noise components, i.e., x_{ell}left(,fright)=alpha_{ell} pleft(,f tau_{ell}, nu_{ell}right)+n'left(,fright).
According to the definition of the energy density, the squared amplitude of a time-domain signal recording particle displacement is proportional to the energy of the incident Lamb wave, but comprises contributions of all modes of propagation.
This is in fact one of the objectives of the European Space Agency project METAWAVE (Mitigation of Electromagnetic Transmission errors induced by Atmospheric Water vapour Effects), in which several techniques are investigated and results were compared to identify a strategy to remove the contribution of water vapour induced propagation delays in In-SAR products.
Higher S values correspond to lower contribution of self-absorption to propagation losses.
For messages timestamped below the MAC layer immediately prior to their transmission, the delay (d) adds the contribution of the transmission time, the propagation time, and the reception time.
