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There were 95 manuscripts where contribution declarations had identical wording for 2 or more authors.
The position of those authors on the byline was not associated with the number of contribution declarations.
Providing a list of contributions instead of a sentence may be the result of authors' experience and familiarity with the prevalent practice in biomedical journals to formulate their contribution declarations as checklists.
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Contribution declaration is especially problematic in multi-authored collaborative research efforts.
In larger collaborative groups, contribution declaration seems to require a coordinated effort, particularization and careful distribution of contributions.
Current authorship criteria and the practice of contribution declaration should be revised in order to capture deserving authorship in biomedical research.
Based on this body of evidence, we hypothesized that authors who were asked to describe in their own words why they think they deserve authorship on a submitted manuscript may differ in their contribution declaration then the authors who were instructed about standard authorship criteria or asked to declare authorship using checklists with ICMJE-eligible contributions.
For peer-reviewed contributions, authors' declarations are disclosed to referees.
Moreover, in its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) declaration for the COP21 in Paris, Chile committed to reduce its CO2 per GDP unit by 30% by 2030 compared to 2007.
These are the intermediate statistics of political contests, and as reports of current preferences and achievements, their publication influences future events, like contributions and declarations of allegiance.
She illuminates the processes by which, in formulating the declaration, contributions were made by a wide range of cultures and beliefs.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com