During zebrafish embryogenesis, microRNA (miRNA) miR-430 contributes to restrict Nanos1 and TDRD7 to primordial germ cells (PGCs) by inducing mRNA deadenylation, mRNA degradation, and translational repression of nanos1 and tdrd7 mRNAs in somatic cells.
This contributes to restrict malignant progression of tumours, but also leads to accumulation of senescent cells within tissues.
These data suggest that an initial oncogenic lesion promotes hyperproliferation in the tissues, but subsequent provocation of OIS contributes to restrict tumour progression from a benign to a malignant state.
However, various factors which limit drug absorption through the gastro-intestinal (GI) mucosa contribute to restricting the bioavailability of the drug, that is, the actual amount which reaches the bloodstream.
Direct phosphorylation of Numb by aPKC may further contribute to restricting the localization of Numb to the anterior cortex [9].
Thus, we initially hypothesized that XopAF may contribute to restricting host range of Xcaw12879, XauB, and XauC to limited varieties of citrus as compared to XccA306.
However, the presence of some substructuring does suggest that the Richelieu River contributed to restricting RRV spread in that area, as all RRV cases in southern Québec were found on the East side of the Richelieu River (Fig. 1).
Because of such differences in affinities of various pollinator classes to certain flower colours, differences in flower colour can contribute to restricting gene flow between phenotypes, although they will rarely result in complete reproductive isolation; for this, differences in multiple traits are typically essential.
Furthermore, it has been suggested that not only the flagellar membrane but also the flagellar pocket membrane of T. brucei parasites may be composed of distinct lipids, i.e. be enriched in sterols and depleted in sphingolipids (Fridberg et al., 2008), which may contribute to restricting movement of membrane components in and out of the flagellar pocket and on to the flagellum.
