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These data support a hypothesis that natural selection imposed by protein functional constraints has contributed to selective fixation of certain editing sites and maintenance of the editing activity in plant organelles over a period of more than four hundred millions years.
GULO uses molecular O2 as its electron acceptor, resulting in H2O2 production, which may have contributed to selective pressure to lose this enzyme in some animals (Bánhegyi et al., 1996; Mandl et al., 2009).
Moreover, similar to previous findings (Ibrahim et al. 2011), adipose contained markedly higher PCB levels than did liver and serum, suggesting that chronic exposures of adipocytes to PCBs most likely contributed to selective increases in TNF-α expression in adipose tissue but not in liver or muscle.
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Here, we set out to determine the host factors contributing to selective targeting of this epitope.
Luna E, Decker SC, Riddle DM, et al. Differential alpha-synuclein expression contributes to selective vulnerability of hippocampal neuron subpopulations to fibril-induced toxicity.
From a neuropsychological perspective, left or right temporal lobe abnormalities underlying seizures in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) are thought to contribute to selective deficits in verbal or nonverbal memory abilities, respectively.
Affinity to the allocortical elements of the temporal lobe as occur in Alzheimer's disease [6], and sensitivity to hypoxia of the amygdala and hippocampus also contribute to selective temporal lobe disease.
Therefore, both the absence of synaptic inputs on aberrantly extended bipolar cell dendrites, and Cav1.4 dysfunction in the photoreceptor to bipolar cell synapses would contribute to selective b-wave reduction in Slc4a3−/− mice.
The specific role of individual gene in fungal-host interaction remains to be solved however several reports have already identified ABC-transporters as able to contribute to selective advantages under host conditions.
As DA metabolism generates high concentrations of reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) [43], [44], we suggest that the interaction between α-synuclein and ROS/RNS in DA neurons contributes to selective nigrostriatal neurodegeneration in PD.
Our data demonstrate how alternative splicing of sequences distinct from the trinucleotide repeat can alter properties of the encoded polyglutamine disease protein and thereby perhaps contribute to selective neurotoxicity.
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