Several modifiable factors contribute to dose and could be targeted in efforts to implement dose reduction strategies.
Another advantage of the LINAC is that it does not require replacement of the radiation source such as the cobalt or cesium sources that have an issue with radioactive decay contributing to dose inhomogeneities and errors in dose calculation.
Large breast size significantly contributes to dose inhomogeneity, hot spots and toxicity [ 7, 8].
Few children less than 2 years of age contribute to dose investigations, suggesting that this age group is currently under researched.
So far, no strong evidence that other genes contribute to dose requirement has been found, apart from a minor but novel role for another cytochrome P450 gene, CYP4F2.
This sequence of events, needed for LD to exert its antiparkinsonian effect, is subject to a number of interfering processes, which can contribute to dose failures and long-term complications.
Knowledge of antibiotic PK, patient status and immune function, bacteria virulence, susceptibility and inoculum, as well as the PK impact of different therapies, should all contribute to dose selection.
Whereas data on dose reduction and early termination of treatment were collected in our study, we did not collect data on dose delay, as a variety of reasons could contribute to dose delay including patients' wish or public holidays, rather than related to toxicity.
Some additional genes (for a detailed list see [ 20]) have been suggested to contribute to dose but, in all cases, the observed effects are smaller than those seen for VKORC1 and CYP2C9 and, generally, the findings have not been independently confirmed by additional studies.
Use of nonstandardized dosing instruments and lack of knowledge that dosing is weight-based contribute to dosing errors.
