As indicated in Table 1, the ground layer along with the litter/lichen/moss layer was estimated to contribute as high as 83% to the total C emission (about 6 cm top organic soil layer was destroyed), implying the importance of ground fuel management to the control of wildfires and mitigation of C emissions.
It is estimated that HIV and AIDS contribute as high as 16 per cent to under-five mortality and exacerbate poverty and vulnerability, particularly in children.
Previously, the flavins (riboflavin and FMN) were found to contribute as high as 73% of the total current generated in an MFC using S. oneidensis [ 18].
Subsistence agriculture constitutes the mainstay of the economy of this region contributing as high as 83.7% of households' economic activity [ 21, 22].
Tobacco trichomes specifically synthesize and secrete diterpene [ 22], non-volatile cembretriene-diols (CBT-diols) contribute as high as ~60% of trichome exudate weight in N. tabacum, T.I. 1068 [ 11].
For example Mikhail A. Fedonkin suggested that an increase in the length of food chains may have contributed, as animals higher up the food chain accumulate greater amounts of waste products and toxins relative to their size, and biomineralization may have been a way of isolating excess carbonates or silicates consumed with prey.
Iatrogenic transmission may have contributed as well to high rates of HCV infection that have been reported from Taiwan (19 ), Japan (20 ), and Italy (21 ).
Oversedation may have contributed, as suggested by higher degree of comfort observed in these patients.
In four samples, subepicardial ECs contributed to as high as 99% of the intramyocardial coronary vessels in the ventricle wall at E15.5.
The lack of safe drinking water, proper sanitation, and hygiene facilities contribute as much to high levels of acute malnutrition as insufficient nutrition and food.
