The instructors at Berkeley had some simmering differences with each other and we often got wildly contrasting feedback from them.
Fig. 3 Contrasting the feedback loops of the proto-indica hypothesis (bottom) and the japonica domestication pathway (left).
Contrasting the feedback loop is the feedforward loop, which Swan illustrates with the simple activity of an automatic watering system based upon the anticipation that the next day the lawn would be dry if it were not watered [27].
In contrast, feedback-corrections require also the representation of the direction of the error.
By contrast, feedback regulation of lineage branching can circumvent these limitations.
In contrast, feedback-related HR decelerations reflect the frequency of losses (Crone et al., 2004) and seem to be modulated by valence only in tasks where the outcomes should be used to adjust future selection (Crone et al., 2005; Crone et al., 2004; Miu, Heilman, & Houser, 2008; Somsen et al., 2000; but see also Van der Veen, Van der Molen, Crone, & Jennings, 2004).
He contrasts the feedback to a radio's traffic report.
To contrast a feedback gain control with the effect predicted for subtractive inhibition, we examined recordings from dopamine neurons of the SN that do not express ChR2, but are strongly inhibited by ChR2 expressing projection neurons (Pan et al., 2013).
Thus, the FRN amplitude visible in difference waves (contrasting negative vs. positive feedback) or FRN amplitude differences between waves for negative and positive feedback (as measured separately in our study) might be the result of an interaction of these processes.
