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In civil-law systems, by contrast, codes and statutes are designed to cover all eventualities and judges have a more limited role of applying the law to the case in hand.
The models were run with both orthogonal contrast codes and simple linear codes.
Variables for booklet ID are represented by deviation contrast codes (Pedhazur 1997).
This set of contrast codes is given in the top panel of Table 4.
Variables for school ID are coded using simple contrast codes, with the largest school as the reference school.
In all regression analyses, continuous predictors were centered on their respective means, and contrast codes were used for drug (placebo vs. oxytocin).
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Adaptation to background light enables contrast coding at rod bipolar cell synapses.
Ke, J. B. et al. Adaptation to background light enables contrast coding at rod bipolar cell synapses.
In contrast, coding variants, which span 1% of the genome, explained <10% of h2g despite having the highest enrichment.
Training mode was contrast coded using sum coding with Prose functioning as the baseline and Rhyme, Melody, and Rhyme&Melody being compared to it.
We used orthogonal contrast coding to examine whether or not there were differences between students in posttest score based on race/ethnicity, after controlling for pretest score.
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