Amounts of NH4+ and NO3− were determined using a continuous-flow auto-analyser.
The soil KCl solution was shaken for 1 h followed by filtration through filter paper, and the extracts were measured for NO3− using a continuous-flow auto-analyser (model Autoanalyzer 2; Bran + Lubbe, Hamburg, Germany).
The chemical analysis of pectin content in the CDTA and Na2CO3 supernatant was performed with Automated Wet Chemistry Analyser also known as a Continuous Flow Analyser (San ++, Skalar Analytical, The Netherlands).
HCN was analysed by passing the whole mainstream smoke stream through two impingers of sodium hydroxide solution, followed by quantification using a colorimetric reaction and a continuous flow analyser system.
Free and total cyanide levels were determined using Skalar San++ Automated Wet Chemistry Analyser with Continuous Flow method.
The NH4 +-N, NO3 −-N and PO 4 −3 concentrations in the leachate were analysed with an auto-analyser (LACHAT Instrument, QuikChem FIA + 8000 series).
After pre-treatment, all samples were weighed into pre-cleaned tin capsules and combusted in a CHN elemental analyser, operating in continuous flow mode using a He carrier gas linked with a Europa IRMS.
Sub-samples were weighed (∼0.4 mg) with a microbalance, packed in tin containers, and nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios were subsequently determined by a continuous flow mass spectrometer (Micromass Isoprime) coupled to an elemental analyser (Euro Vector EA 3024).
S content was determined with an elemental analyser (EA3000, EuroVector, Milan, Italy) connected to a continuous flow isotope mass spectrometer (IRMS, Isoprime, GV Instruments, Manchester, UK).
The total N and N amounts in each organ were analysed by an elemental analyser (EA3000, EuroVector, Milan, Italy) linked to a continuous flow isotope mass spectrometer (IRMS, IsoPrime GV instruments, Manchester, UK).
