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So when a lesion is encountered, the replication fork will stall, PCNA will switch from a processive polymerase to a TLS polymerase such as Pol ι to fix the lesion, then PCNA may switch to Pol ζ to extend the mismatch, and last PCNA will switch to the processive polymerase to continue replication.
RecA, along with other proteins, allows the replication fork to continue replication using homologous recombination [5] [9].
It has been established that the virus exploits the host-miRNA milieu to foster their own agenda of evading the host immune system, thereby establish a consistent infection and continue replication.
This scenario would be expected to increase replication stress and fork stalling within the inherently challenging telomeric repeats [ 41, 42], ultimately increasing T-SCE frequencies in order to "bypass" problems and continue replication.
A study by Hampshire et al (2004) used an in vitro model of progressive nutrient depletion focussed on characterizing a small sub-population of mycobacteria that are able to survive and continue replication under extreme conditions in vitro.
The FoSTeS [ 141] and MMBIR [ 142] models propose that the lagging strand from one replication fork can disengage and invade another fork that is probably close to it in 3-D space based on microhomology and continue replication there, leading to deletions, duplications, inversions and/or translocations based on the parameters of the situation.
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However, some patients show continued replication or reactivation even in the presence of anti-HBe.
Even if there is continued replication of H.I.V., it might not pose an insurmountable barrier because newer drugs being developed might eliminate the virus, he said.
At low levels of cleavable complexes, when only one replication fork is arrested, continued replication by the other unimpeded fork on the same plasmid DNA leads to the formation of linearized replication products.
Subsp. tularensis and holarctica were taken up in relatively low numbers initially, followed by minimal replication with subsp. tularensis, but continued replication (2 3 log10) with subsp. holarctica.
Such DNA lesion bypass enables continued replication, albeit at the cost of increased mutation, and renders the lesion available for subsequent DNA repair [19].
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