The standard analysis of the response of the contingent stimuli relative to baseline revealed significant hemodynamic responses in HbO2 and HHb in 5 channels situated over a bilateral posterior region of the arrays and 3 channels in the anterior regions (Table 1 and Fig. 2).
Our key hypothesis was that the perception of the contingent stimuli would result in activation over regions known to be involved in body awareness in adults, such as the TPJ and the STS (Tsakiris et al. 2008; Apps et al. 2013), and that additional multisensory stimulation during contingency will increase this activation.
Despite that infants can discriminate between two- and three-dimensional displays, and they respond more readily to a live adult [8], a video playback is necessary to produce the non-contingent stimulus.
In this fNIRS study, we have identified areas of the infant cortex that specifically responded to contingent and non-contingent stimuli related to the body.
The results of the brain potentials thus reflected the temporal relationship of the two motor processes, the hand choice and the nogo decision, whose temporal relationship was contingent upon stimulus perception and unrelated to any linguistic processing.
So-called interactive paradigms mainly consist in non contingent social stimuli that do not allow true social interaction [7].
This pattern suggests that attention shifts elicited by spatially uninformative feature singleton cues are contingent upon the stimulus parameters specified in the top-down task set [cf. 61].
In extinction of a visual discrimination, the contingent relationship between stimulus and reward has been degraded, and responding should be adjusted accordingly.
Although there has been considerable debate in regards to whether classical conditioning depends on a contingent relation between conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus, perceptual learning under a task that prevented high-level processing of the contingency structure is more closely aligned with classical conditioning, in which learning is more influenced by contiguity than contingency.
Our results showed a difference in motor cortical excitability 90 ms post-stimulus contingent on cues to either promote or prevent movement.
In gaze-contingent paradigms the stimulus display is continuously updated as a function of the observers' current gaze position.
