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As an estimate of effect size, we calculated Cramér's V, which is a measure of the strength of association for contingency tests (Cramér 1946; Siegel and Castellan 1988).
Chi square contingency tests were used to compare mortality rates between GAL4/UAS-Fst and GAL4/+ lines.
Chi square contingency tests were carried out to compare numbers of flies in the three categories for the act-GAL4/UAS-Fst and act-GAL4/+ lines.
Chi-square Contingency Tests (α = 0.05) determined whether the frequency of seabirds in each bait-attempt category varied significantly among fishing regions and species.
Pearson χ2 contingency tests were performed in R using the coin package [39], with Holm's correction [40] to adjust significance at α = 0.05 for multiple comparisons.
2×2 contingency tests demonstrate that an unusually large number of amino acid replacements in the Schiedea rbcL occurred on the internal branches of the tree in comparison to synonymous mutations in rbcL as well as to non-synonymous and synonymous mutations in matK and psbA and mutations in non-coding regions (Table 3).
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Frequencies were compared either by Fisher's exact test or by the X2 contingency test.
See Supplementary Methods S1 for a detailed explanation of the genotypic contingency test.
Mortality rates (Figure 2A) were compared by the Fisher's exact contingency test.
This claim is supported by the r×c contingency test performed on the functional distribution of all known gene cassettes versus those amplified from the Sydney Tar Ponds.
The 71K SNP set was established by choosing SNPs from the 470K set with average Q scores ≥20 and genotypic contingency test p-values ≤0.01.
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