In this way, we contribute to answering the following research questions: How much is the probability of repetition dependent upon individual and contextual factors of social disadvantage?
Furthermore, the contextual factors that create disadvantage also need to be addressed.
The district contextual factor of socioeconomic disadvantage was significantly associated with consumption status, such that those with high consumption were likely to be relatively less disadvantaged, reflecting availability of financial resources.
Many studies point to the fact that in the United States, race/ethnicity is often associated with other socioeconomic disadvantages, including neighborhood contextual factors.
Most studies used different composite indexes to characterize contextual social inequalities such as Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage (IRSD), neighbourhood socioeconomic status, Human Development Index (HDI), census-based composite indexes and Gini Index.
In this way, the perceived advantages or disadvantages to chlorination will vary based on specific contextual factors.
Women also discussed a "lack of control" (p.289) over the contextual aspects of their life experience, such as abuse, financial disadvantage and drug use [ 32].
This temporal extension of information on policy indicators enabled us to relate contextual data to information on stressful work and labour market disadvantage reported during this period.
However, in contrast to their poor positioning relative to gay men, it is not lack of membership in a dominant group that fuels disadvantage in the help-seeking arena, but rather contextual transformation of the identity of heterosexual men into the 'problem' of HIV infection in women.
In contrast, direct observations, such as those obtained using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT), have the advantage of evaluating contextual information, including physical activity patterns and types, with the disadvantage of potentially misclassifying sedentary, light, and moderate intensity physical activities [ 18].
