Russia's largest oil company, Yukos, said it was contesting a claim for back taxes and fines of 98 billion rubles, or $3.4 billion, made last month by the Russian government.
Donaghy is due in court to contest a restitution claim by the N.B.A.
In one recent contest, a candidate claimed that his name had not appeared on the ballot in one precinct.
In the fourth contest Sopwith brought a claim of foul against Vanderbilt.
It is contesting a £721m claim by Amanda Staveley – a financier who helped the bank find billions of pounds during 2008 – who argues she should have received fees for being involved in the the crucial financings.
Moreover, the complaint says, Chase demanded that the bonds contain a payment-on-demand provision giving the insurance company less ability to contest its obligations should a claim be filed.
Mr Ulbricht has filed a claim contesting the seizure of the Bitcoins, asserting that they were found on his personal computer and belong to him rather than Silk Road.
That program, used by millions of travelers from 36 favored nations, including Germany and Britain, allows a 90-day stay, but includes a little-noticed provision requiring foreign visitors to give up any right to contest summary deportation, except in a claim for asylum.
Serra has long been criticized for personally mistreating indigenous people (a claim many contest), or for being part of the Spanish imperial enterprise that brought devastation and disease to Native Americans, along with the gospel.
Responding to worries among some urban Democrats about giving police officers another excuse for traffic stops, Mr. Silver also insisted on language that would enable a driver to contest a police officer's claim in court.
