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Recently, more and more cooperative MAC protocols make use of the helper selection method, that is, the helper contention method [4, 13, 23 25].
To solve this problem, the cooperative relaying MAC (CoRe-MAC) protocol adopts the combination of a recipient-specified method and a helper contention method [22].
Considering the cooperative participation manner of a helper, helper selection methods can be divided into three categories: the sender-specified method, the recipient-specified method, and the helper contention method.
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The delayed DCF protocol actually adopts a mixed-type contention resolution method.
According to the latest version of the IEEE 802.16 standard, the mandatory contention resolution method is the truncated binary exponential backoff, with the initial window size and the maximum window size controlled by the base station.
Numerical results are used to compare the performance of the proposed solution with that achieved by existing alternatives based on a deterministic increase of the transmit power (with and without contention resolution methods).
For instance, the WO and the AO parameters have a direct impact on the performance metrics, since both parameters define the duration of the active and inactive periods, thus comprising a time schedule, so that a station selects the way of delivering its data: contention-based method or reservation-based method.
Using realistic system parameters and widely agreed-upon channel models, we have shown that the proposed solution incurs only a negligible degradation with respect to the scheme illustrated in [10], while a significant gain is achieved with respect to deterministic-based power allocation approaches (both with and without contention resolution methods).
In each slot, SUs compete for transmission through contention-based methods.
The results in the QoS-Fi USRP prototype show that the Bloom filter-based channel contention and estimation method is feasible in the real wireless network.
Singer offered utilitarian arguments to support his contention that modern methods of raising and slaughtering animals for human food ("factory farming") are morally unjustified; his arguments also applied to other traditional ways in which humans use animals, including as experimental subjects in medical research and as sources of entertainment.
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