Engineered carrier with better flow showed improved drug content homogeneity, reduced amounts of drug "deposited" on the inhaler device and throat, and a smaller drug aerodynamic diameter upon inhalation.
Dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations containing engineered lactose and salbutamol sulphate as a model drug demonstrated improved drug content homogeneity and higher amounts of drug delivered to lower airway regions.
In conclusion, this study demonstrated that it is possible to prepare engineered lactose particles with favourable properties (e.g. higher fine particle fraction and better drug content homogeneity) for DPI formulations by using lactose solutions with lower degree of saturation during crystallisation process.
To the best of our knowledge, no study has examined the interplay between environmental factors and GC content homogeneity in prokaryotes.
Population-level heterogeneity was clearly present, although the lack of sequencing depth weakens conclusions about gene content homogeneity within the symbiont populations.
This greater GC content homogeneity found in aerobes implies that the genomes of these organisms have been subjected to stronger selective pressures than the genomes of anaerobes.
A low GCVAR thus points to little GC content variation, or GC content homogeneity, within the genome, while a high GCVAR designates varying GC content, or GC content heterogeneity.
We also investigated the core structures in terms of G+C content homogeneity and phylogenetic congruence, and found that the core genes primarily exhibited the expected characteristic, i.e., being indigenous and sharing the same history, more than the non-core genes.
To confirm that our definition of the core structure is indeed biologically meaningful, we applied our method to genome comparisons of two well-characterized families, Bacillaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, and characterized the resulting core structures in terms of gene functions, essentiality, G+C content homogeneity and phylogenetic congruence.
Finally, it is suggested that the structural data inferred from luminescence complements significantly the structural information indicated by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, such as the phase content and homogeneity and the presence of defects.
It is found that the tensile strength, loss modulus, impact strength and dynamic thermal rheology of nanocomposites are extensively affected by the geometry, temperature, volume and type of filler content, and homogeneity of the nanoparticles.
