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PATHFx was successfully validated in an Italian dataset containing missing data.
This procedure creates five data sets for each variable containing missing data.
The BETS-3 and BETS-12 models were successfully validated using an independent dataset containing missing data.
This implies that in a heterotachous scenario where different rates apply for different combinations of sites and edges (Philippe et al. 2005; Lockhart et al. 2006), the chance of a site containing missing data might be correlated with the number of edges in the tree with fast rates for that site, and in turn, it might also correlate with any long-branch attraction effects.
Missing items were treated according to the guidelines of the questionnaire developers, which involves prorating scores, i.e. calculating the mean for completed items for each subscale containing missing data (where there is a 50% or greater response) and substituting this for the missing data.
Positions containing missing data were eliminated only in pairwise sequence comparisons (pairwise deletion option).
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You have the choice of skipping (i.e. omitting) all lines that contain missing data, blanking missing data (i.e. there will still be a line), or marking missing data.
We repeated both analyses (A and B) using a data set that did not contain missing data ('no missing' data) and that had therefore a reduced species sampling containing only 73 accessions (xml input files are available at the Dryad repository [ 103]).
If any of the higher-level files contain missing data, units with missing data will automatically be deleted when the MDM file is created (Raudenbush et al. 2011).
The final sample was 1134 (91.45%) because some questionnaires contained missing data.
*Please note that these features contain missing data (i.e. N normal) + N abnormal) ≠ 99).
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