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With the exception of the alcohol consumption question (response rate: men, 86%; women, 76%), data on potential correlates were highly available (men, 97%–100%; women, 95%100%%).
Conversely, underreporting has been found when multiple items are grouped into one category (Serdula et al. 1992), as was the case with our overall consumption question.
The final sample for analysis in this study consisted of 1814 students who participated in all data collection efforts and had complete data on the breakfast consumption question.
Those women who responded in affirmative to the alcohol consumption question were further asked "How frequently they had consumed alcohol during the past week: …" (GSS 2009, p.60).
Two clinical audits assessing the completion of an alcohol consumption question (How many units of alcohol do you consume each week?) in a standard medical history form used in the emergency clinic at the university dental hospital in Cardiff, found that the question was either completed incorrectly, or not used at all.
The follow-up consumption question was worded "On days when you had a drink, how many drinks did you usually have?" An average weekly alcohol consumption score was created by multiplying usual number of drinks by the midpoint of the weekly drinking frequency category, with people drinking less than once a week coded to reflect none or a fraction of a week.
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The impact of non-participants has been discussed in more details previously, and the fact that neither headache nor caffeine consumption questions were the primary objectives of the study makes selective participation unlikely.
AUDIT-C = The AUDIT alcohol consumption questions * Significant finding p < .05.05
The AUDIT-C comprises the three consumption questions of the 10-item World Health Organization (WHO) AUDIT 21.
Participants were asked 3-item AUDIT alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C) to query for problematic drinking [ 15, 16].
The AUDIT comprises ten questions covering the domains of alcohol consumption (questions 1 3), alcohol dependence (Q4-6), and harms (Q7-10) and is scored out of 40 [ 6].
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