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The construction age of residential areas significantly influenced the earthworm abundance.
Onshore gathering pipelines are typically younger in construction age (43% are <30 years old; whereas only 25% of onshore transmission pipeline segments are 30 years or younger).
It results that pdem can be expressed as a function of construction age, %NBS and repair costs.
Considering pre-earthquake information, the construction age is the most influential parameter, with older buildings having a higher pdem.
For houses built after 1982, the predicted damage ratios are only 10 15%, while for those built before 1982 they are 30 70%, increasing with construction age.
(2) Construction age and wall thermal insulation could also influence UHEUCE in areas where summer is hot and winter is warm.
Similar(51)
Using empirical data from destroyed and surviving structures from large wildfires in southern California, we evaluated the relative importance of building construction and structure age compared to other local and landscape-scale variables associated with structure survival.
In Table 1, we summarize the predicted damage ratios based on the theoretical models for wooden structures with different average capacities based on their construction ages (Yoshida et al. 2005).
A gradual analysis identified four main reasons for the damages: local intensity of the quake, soil subsidence, shoddy construction and age.
Because so many factors influence the scores, including the type of construction, the age of the boiler, how the building is used and how well-operated it is, some buildings may be able to improve efficiency more easily than others.
But there were also those whose families and fortunes were newer, like the developer Charles Paterno, the actor Rudolph Valentino and Frederick T. Ley, who started work in construction at age 15 but later was the contractor for the Chrysler Building.
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