In the following section, definitions of the concept of vocational competencies and the subordinate construct of commercial competence are given, before the assessment itself is introduced.
One fundamental difficulty lies in the vagueness of the terminological construct of "social competence".
The second direction aimed to gain insight into the construct of 'commercial competence' in Switzerland.
On the one hand, the German construct of 'commercial competence' focuses on commercial activities in industrial companies.
In particular, the tasks of the German computer-based test do not precisely cover the same construct of 'commercial competence' in Switzerland.
To measure the entire construct in each country, the computer-based test must be complemented by tasks that adequately represent the entire construct of 'commercial competence' in each country.
A unitary or unidimensional model: L2 learners have only a single construct of L2 competence, which can explain all of test scores, regardless of skills or knowledge to be measured.
The construct of action competence is a complex system including, among other things, intellectual abilities, domain-specific knowledge and strategies, motivational tendencies, and volitional control systems, all of which components are required to fulfill vocational demands (Weinert 2001).
More specifically, test developers have difficulties in operationalizing and interpreting the construct of strategic competence in computer-mediated language communication due to their lack of an in-depth understanding and clear specifications of contextual facets or interactional features.
On the other hand, the Swiss construct of 'commercial competence' covers more commercial activities (e.g., advising customers, performing administrative and organizational tasks) than are implemented in the computer-based test.
