Generally, constraints to borrowing, insurance, and savings services make one more vulnerable to various health and income shocks.
But this can only happen in the event that Congress fails to raise the debt limit, which would be a legal constraint on its ability to borrow, not one imposed by markets.
One of the biggest constraints on African farming is the inability to borrow money for fertilisers.
They were sunk by leverage of 20- to 30-times capital in risky subprime securities, hidden off-balance sheet, which allowed them to borrow far above the constraints of the legal capital requirements.
They argue that interest rates already are near record lows, and that the primary constraints to new borrowing are that many borrowers cannot qualify for new loans and many homeowners cannot sell or refinance because they owe more than the current value of their homes.
Next, to borrow strength (i.e., the ordering constraint) across the two dose levels, we apply a Bayesian isotonic regression transformation approach [ 23].
In an interdependent world confronted with serious ecological constraints, zero-sum competition to become the winningest fossil fuel "superpower" means, to borrow Garrett Hardin's famous phraseology, a catastrophic tragedy of the commons and the ruin of all.
The government has said the GIB won't be allowed to borrow until national debt declines as a percentage of GDP– a constraint which may not be met until 2017.
Most people also believe that there is at least some long-term constraint on government spending as we are always hearing about government debt and our need to borrow from China (etc).
Besides this, the Bayesian approach allows to borrow extensions developed for Bayesian mean regression such as multilevel structures, monotonicity constraint estimates, variable selection and regularization priors without the necessity to re-develop the complete inferential machinery [ 19- 21].
