An important constraint of conventional light microscopy is scattering and absorption of photons.
Interestingly, the fluxes for both optimization steps were identical (as reported previously by [ 9]), which implies the cell is optimally utilizing energy to produce biomass without needing the second constraint of minimum light energy.
An awareness of the 'affordances and constraints of measures in light of characteristics of distribution' (Lehrer et al., 2011, p. 275) was becoming apparent as the students proceeded to represent and interpret their data by generating a range of representations, both hand-drawn and using the TinkerPlots software.
By inverting the conventional house, the architects have countered two major issues - how to deal with the natural light constraints of the ground floor, while taking advantage of open medieval structure.
The most significant challenges relate to the time constraints of national staff in light of current programme priorities, to risks of interventions failing in late development and to over-promising by developers, each of which are elaborated below.
The microfeature similarities for the different polymer chemistries indicate that the final surface morphology is strongly shaped by the constraints of the photopolymerization, including light diffraction and reactive species diffusion considerations.
We discuss constraints on so-called 'varying speed of light theories' coming from the physics of the early universe.
While the V p profile of the top 700 km of the core is adequately represented by two layers with nearly constant radial V p profile gradients, there is certainly room for the profile to be optimized with some physically plausible constraints, such as the diffusion profile of light elements (Helffrich 2014).
However, a set of fundamental constraints due to the quantal nature of light apply to any visual system, and these are manifest primarily in the trade-off between sensitivity and resolution, and the fact that any eye which maximises information gain at low light levels needs to be large [3].
The third term represents the physical constraint that limits the numerical range of light ray intensities.
