Finally, the variation in the extant dataset can be used to quantify the degree of confidence in the estimated parameter, and can thus provide a range in which a particular body mass is likely to fall, thereby providing a constraint for estimates produced by reconstructed models.
Also, the present work is an effort to effectively implement the ε-constraint method in GAMS software for producing the Pareto-optimal solutions in a BOMP.
Neutrino radiography (e.g., Volkova and Zatsepin, 1974; Wilson, 1984) using this detector should prove to be one of the most promising tools for producing independent constraints on the density heterogeneities in the Earth.
Genomic Evolutionary Rate Profiling (GERP) is a method for producing position-specific estimates of evolutionary constraint using maximum likelihood evolutionary rate estimation [ 54].
We should give real credit to economists within government for producing a thorough and professional analysis, under both time constraints and, no doubt, considerable political pressure.
Given real-world time constraints, the pagination algorithm (see Sect. 5) had to be implemented using dynamic programming, for producing output in acceptable running times.
If these underlying trends are also expressed in the field, these trends suggest that: (1) early-bolting plants that opt to defer reproduction may die with significant unspent reproductive potential, representing a substantial fitness cost; and (2) late-bolting plants compensate for time-constraints by producing flowers more quickly as the season progresses.
Most higher stability (dG < -10 KCal/mol) SLS-containing regions, when minimum energy structures are predicted by imposing no constraint for SLS formation, produce results within 5 KCal/mol of the SLS based structure (60 to 80% in practically all species, not shown).
Next, we construct matrix and vector c by combining the 18 thermodynamic constraints with 167 linear equality constraints originally built into the model that relate various parameters across reactions (see Additional file 1 for details on these constraints), thus producing the linear constraints.
Firms face certain technical constraints in producing goods and services, and households have definite preferences for some products over others.
