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A person who is "constrained" to read, he wrote, becomes "an impaired organism".
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Bush was constrained to take exception to this publicly.
The first, "stringent" phase reports reads with near-perfect matches to the reference genome by using long and sparse seed substrings (seed length of 0.5 times the average read length, constrained to a minimum of 9 and a maximum of 31; seed spacing equal to 1 plus 0.25 times the square root of the read length, rounded down) and a stringent alignment score threshold (0.9 times the read length).
It should also be noted that an excess of high-frequency variants was observed in the Atlanta population relative to the DGRP (Mackay et al. 2012) when all polymorphisms with a 50× or greater read depth were considered, but that excess disappeared when read depth was constrained to be 150× or greater.
These algorithms generally allow for sets of raw reads to be constrained to co-occur in the same bin.
This stage uses shorter seed substring requirements (seed length of 5 bases plus 0.1 times the average read length, rounded down and constrained to a minimum of 9 and a maximum of 31; seeds spaced by 1 plus 0.25 times the square root of the read length) and a much lower alignment score threshold (6 plus 0.2 times the read length).
The Hellinger metric was selected as the cost function, and the degrees of freedom were constrained to within-plane translation, scaling (maximum of 1% in the read direction and 5% in the phase-encode direction), and shearing (maximum of 5%).
(Mahler, one feels constrained to add, means painter in German).
Before this, were you constrained to singing in the shower?
Or can be constrained to do so.
aElasticity constrained to −0.10.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com