Participants were constrained to consistently position the head at a height of 150 cm and a lateral distance of 150 cm, relative to the pointer or the ball (i.e., head position H4 in Experiment 1).
In order to prevent the SH2 domain from unfolding at high temperature, only the peptide residues C-terminal to the phosphotyrosine were allowed to move freely; harmonic restraints of 25 kcal/(mol*Å2) were applied to phosphotyrosine atoms, while the SH2 domain atoms were constrained to their positions in the starting models.
Because it contains multiple sensors, Elvie can be used in multiple configurations — so by a woman who's walking or standing, rather than being constrained to one static position.
Notably, the glycan signal for degradation is not constrained to a specific position within SUBEX-C57Y.
In each step, both the tRNA and the bound valyl-adenylate substrate were constrained to their original position (such that they could move, but such motion was heavily penalized by the scoring function).
In addition, since the two PS arms of a star molecule are no longer constrained to occupy adjacent positions on the interface, the star begins to behave like a pair of PI PS diblocks flexibly connected at their centres.
Crystal atoms were constrained to their equilibrium positions.
A small fraction of nucleosomes, on the other hand, are constrained to occupy specific positions.
Therefore, the Cα atoms were constrained to their initial positions during the energy minimization, except for the modified loop in Runx RD).
The simulations involve a brief period of initial membrane equilibration (typically 1 5 ns), wherein the lipid tails are allowed to equilibrate while the lipid headgroups and the protein are constrained to their initial positions.
In some pathways, adaptive mutations appear constrained to central hub positions, as with the shavenbaby (ovo) locus for insect trichome differentiation [ 6, 7], or bric-a-brac (bab) for fly abdominal pigmentation [ 8].
