Moreover, general palaeovegetation reconstructions for South America constrain hypothesis testing under the coalescent theoretical background.
The model does not require any of the constraining hypotheses present in previously published ones.
But as predicted from an analysis of the effects of constraining hypotheses by evidence, the advantage for nominal groups declined when brainstorming took place late in the task where there was a large amount of accumulated evidence to consider.
Moreover, botanical, faunal, and geological evidence associated with very early fossil hominids in Ethiopia and Kenya intimate a forested environment, a discovery that clearly constrains hypotheses explaining the success of the bipedal adaptation.
In view of our anatomically constrained hypotheses regarding disease and drug effects, a study-specific RIFG region of interest (ROI) was built.
The position of the Type IIa-1 subfamily as monophyletic with either the Type IIb, IIa-2, and IIa-3 subfamilies was tested using positive topological constrains (hypotheses 3a, 3b, and 3c, respectively).
A more challenging adaptation of the Bayesian procedure would be the possibility to include equalities in the hypothesis (e.g. to find categorical tissue-specific genes) in a way that the procedure is efficient enough to deal with thousands of genes [see Klugkist and Hoijtink (2007) for a discussion of Bayes factors for equality and inequality constrained hypotheses].
These findings support those authors (Jamal et al. 1998; Guest et al. 2006; Pearson et al. 1994) who disagree with the "deprivation-constrains hypothesis", according to which being involved in multiple jobs negatively impacts individuals' quality of work life.
Instead, this study was a tightly constrained hypothesis-driven candidate gene approach, based on prior literature, which considered a set of 30 SNPs from the CNTNAP2 gene [matching those from Vernes et al. (2008)].
The main value of the present analysis is to generate data that constrain our hypotheses and, by Occam's razor, generate a simple hypothesis (the subset of chronocoordinate events) consistent with multiple data.
