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Since such a mathematical model characterizes the constitution of the tissue, it is also called a constitutive formulation.
Thus, fracture is built directly into the constitutive formulation.
A nonlinear elastic constitutive formulation is employed to account for the stiffening.
Here we developed a general constitutive formulation encompassing the entire set of features.
A multi-scale constitutive formulation for the nonlinear viscoelastic analysis of laminated composite materials and structures.
This paper presents a plasticity constitutive formulation for actively and passively confined concrete.
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A suitable finite-element modeling requires different element and constitutive formulations with respect to material, contact and path-following.
The constitutive formulations include the typical nonlinear stiffening of the fiber response as well as softening due to microscopic damage.
Compatibility between element technology featuring assumed (finite -strains based on least-squares and current constitutive finite -strainsployed in elastic and inelastic contexts is a demanding task.
Specific micro-structural rearrangements are assumed to account for the inelasticity deformations for this class of materials, and enter the constitutive formulations in form of internal variables.
The constitutive formulations are now presented in an elegant manner by using two orientation-dependent tensorial operators; (ii) the friction criterion is formulated in terms of the local stress applied onto microcracks.
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