As Paul VI wrote, "an act of mutual love which impairs the capacity to transmit life which God the Creator, through specific laws, has built into it, frustrates His design which constitutes the norm of marriage, and contradicts the will of the Author of life".
Smoking, for example, still constitutes the norm rather than the exception in many mental health settings, and while it is 'de-normalised' in the rest of society, the smoking culture in mental health settings appears to be prevailing.
A series of visits with a primary health care provider, beginning in the first trimester and continuing at recommended intervals throughout the pregnancy, constitutes the norm for PNC in Canada [ 2], although debate exists on the ideal frequency and content of PNC visits [ 3].
In that case, the nonnormative social fact of custom that constitutes the fundamental norm would make the values relevant to the validity of ordinary norms (Coleman 2001a).
Also, in a world defined by flux, which adverse weather patterns do we constitute as the norm and which should we strive to prevent?
Questions constituting the attitude norm items were assessed for internal consistency using Cronbach's α statistic.
Barrett's call was neither strong nor precise enough for some (Hayduk, Cummings, Boadu, Pazderak-Robinson, & Boulianne [ 29], McIntosh [ 30]) but was "challenging" to those having factor analytic backgrounds (Millsap [ 31], Mulaik [ 32], Steiger [ 33]) – though the disarray among the dissenting replies signaled that careful model testing constitutes the new norm, even for factor models.
Given some principles that justify norms in this sense, the interpreter might add to the set certain further norms such as those implied by the explicit communication that constitutes the original norms, if doing so would give better effect to the principles and thereby improve principled consistency (on the current understanding of that notion) in the way government treats its citizens.
Three salient beliefs are identified: behavioural beliefs that influence attitudes towards behaviour, normative beliefs that constitute the underlying determinants of subjective norms, and control beliefs that provide the basis for perceptions of behavioural control.
