Although Khamenei remains adamant that his plans do not constitute austerity measures, many Iranians believe they will be asked to sacrifice more in the coming year.
These constitute soft measures designed to change travel behaviour, mainly from automobile to non-automobile travel, in mobility management.
Salivary cortisol (sCort) and salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) constitute proxy measures of the two major stress response systems, i.e. the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the autonomic nervous system, respectively.
Such exposure biomarkers are generally thought to constitute valid measures when laboratory error is carefully controlled.
GEEs can model a binary response when the data are not independent (as in this study) because the naming responses by each participant constitute repeated measures.
Our findings demonstrate that with adequate training and thus good reproducibility, skinfold thicknesses constitute valid measures of adiposity among school-age children.
It contains 36 items that constitute 8 measures of Physical Functioning (PF), Role Physical (RP), Bodily Pain (BP), Social Functioning (SF), General Health Perceptions (GH), Vitality (VT), Role Emotional (RE), and Mental Health (MH).
M values (calculated according to the geNorm algorithmic procedures; Vandesompele et al., 2002) and SD values (calculated according to the NormFinder algorithmic procedures; Andersen et al., 2004) constitute different measures of the stability of gene expression across samples.
Instructions on techniques of self-uterine palpation to detect contractions at home and serial assessment of cervical length with ultrasonography and home uterine activity monitoring may constitute additional measures to prevent unexpected spontaneous prematurity or undiagnosed labor.
We estimated they would spend 20% of their working time on ART Patient losses (deaths and losses to follow-up) constitute a measure that also captures the sum of all other patient factors including stigma, transport etc.
