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On each index, students were classified into low, medium and high based on the mean across the constituent items.
Thus, the number of constituent items in the study of Matsuda and Gobel was larger than that of Cheng et al. (1999).
Moreover, the factor was analogous to Liu and Jackson's (2008) second factor of test anxiety with three constituent items (10, 25, and 30).
Both our study and Matsuda and Gobel's study (2004) using Japanese samples showed a two-factor structure (their one factor of 21 items; the other factor of 12 items), but with different constituent items for each factor.
A detailed comparison of constituent items from previous studies was presented above and indicated that several factors of the earlier studies contained a mixture of the three constructs conceptualized by Horwitz et al. (1986).
The first and second factor names were the same as those of the study of Cheng et al. (1999), but the constituent items of those factors were quite different even though both involved participants who were English majors.
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Although analysis of the benefit cost ratios revealed that benefits were perceived as more important than costs, the analysis of the constituent item ratings and importance weights provided potentially more useful information for predicting product adoption.
We calculated total stress scores for both life and work by cumulating scores for each constituent item.
The second factor of Park's study included all seven reversed questions (2, 8, 11, 14, 18, 28, and 32), which comprised 70% of the constituent 10 items.
For let the meanings of complex expressions be interpreted logical forms, i.e., phrase structure trees with the meanings of the constituent lexical items assigned to their terminal nodes.
The second conclusion relates to the inconsistency of a number of factors as well as constituent factor items of the FLCAS among all FLCAS factor analysis studies, including the present research.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com