Mr Cameron's U-turn will see all-women shortlists imposed on some constituencies selecting their candidates in the New Year.
In the February 1974 general election, Labour thought they had a real chance of winning the Pentlands constituency, and selected McWilliam as the candidate.
The electoral system of proportional representation allows political parties, rather than constituencies, to select their candidates for parliament.
Mr. Rove answered his chosen question by courting carefully selected constituencies with poll-tested promises: tax cuts for traditional conservatives; the No Child Left Behind law for suburban moderates; prescription drugs for anxious seniors; open immigration for Hispanics; faith-based programs for evangelicals and Catholics.
By the time he was shoehorned into the Labour leadership in Wales, all Labour's winnable Welsh constituencies had already selected candidates.Mr Michael cannot lead the Welsh Assembly without being a member of it, so his only chance was to win a top-up seat.
Using stratified sampling of communities, two constituencies were randomly selected from each of the four districts.
The Parliamentarians have been drawn from Malawi's 193 constituencies and were selected after a competitive process from over 1,900 applicants.
Although supporters of twinning suspect that male opponents simply fear being thwarted in their ambition to secure an assembly seat, John Rogers, the secretary of the anti-twinning campaign, says that his real objection is that twinning "destroys the democratic right of the constituency to select its own candidate".
Before the general election of that year he subsidised the efforts of Tory candidates in selected marginal constituencies, with impressive results.
All experience shows that change will not happen by osmosis – there will need to be, in the developing world and elsewhere, mechanisms designed to guarantee that women will be selected in constituencies where they have a strong change of being elected.
